The Benefits of Vitamin C
Vitamin C
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) is a potent antioxidant that protects your cells from oxidative stress, boosts immune function, and plays a crucial role in collagen synthesis for healthy skin and tissues. It also aids in iron absorption, making it essential for energy levels and immune support. With its protective and reparative abilities, Vitamin C is vital for your overall vitality and wellness.
Key Highlights of Vitamin C
- Supports a healthy immune system
- Protects memory as we age.
- Contributes to collagen formation
- A powerful antioxidant
- Enhances iron absorption
- Supports wound healing
Biochemistry Timeline
Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that offers various health benefits, including immune support and antioxidant protection. Vitamin C supplementation for flu symptoms can typically be felt within a few days to a week, however long-term benefits can be observed with consistent use over 12 weeks, enhancing overall health, skin quality, and energy levels.
What Is Vitamin C?
Quite possibly one of the most well-known vitamins, it was unknowingly used for its health benefits relating to scurvy through oranges and lemons with sailors as early as 1747. It wasn’t until 1933, however, that the chemical structure and the name vitamin C was coined.
The body cannot make vitamin C, so it is known as an ‘essential vitamin’ meaning that we must make sure we have enough through diet and supplementation. Plant foods are generally good sources of vitamin C, however the amount in foods can depend on the variety of the plant, soil condition, climate, length of time since it was picked, storage, and preparation method. Foods high in vitamin C include citrus fruits, dark green leafy vegetables, bell peppers, melons, and strawberries.
The Amazing Benefits of Vitamin C
White Blood Cell Production
Vitamin C supports a healthy immune system acting as an antioxidant and encouraging the production of white blood cells, contributing to our natural defence against illness and infection.
Antioxidant Benefits
Studies have shown that high levels of Vitamin C can increase antioxidant levels in our blood helping us to fight inflammation and oxidative stress. In a small study, it was found the vitamin C has the potential to improve the rate of ulcer healing.
Learning and Memory
Brain health is not something usually considered concerning vitamin C; however, Vitamin C is required for the synthesis of the neurotransmitter dopamine, which among other things helps our ability to think and plan. In turn, low levels of vitamin C have been shown to affect our ability to think and remember.
High levels of Vitamin C were reported to be associated with a lower risk of having neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease - the mechanism of vitamin C being its capacity to reduce inflammation from oxidative stress that can harm the central nervous system.
Fatigue
Vitamin C also helps to create carnitine, which is required for the generation of energy. If this process is impaired, it has been associated with fatigue and lethargy. Vitamin C also helps to improve the absorption of iron so if you are taking a supplement, it’s best to take it following the consumption of food that contains iron to improve its absorption.
Collagen Production
Vitamin C is essential in the production of collagen in the bone, which leads to increased bone mineral density. Vitamin C also helps to stop free radical damage that is detrimental to bone health.
Reduced Risk of Fractures
Research has suggested that vitamin C has a beneficial effect on bone growth and reabsorption which could help to prevent osteoporosis. Studies have shown that those with higher vitamin C intake have a lower risk of fracture, including hip fractures, so the correct intake can ensure that you’re enhancing bone formation and strength. This becomes increasingly important as we age, where our risk of bone fracture becomes higher due to losses in bone mass.
Skin Health
The body requires vitamin C to produce collagen, the primary component of connective tissue, which comprises 1-2% of muscle tissue. This high collagen content means that vitamin C is found in significant concentrations in our skin. Collagen synthesis supported by vitamin C is crucial for maintaining the skin’s structure and integrity.
Furthermore, vitamin C enhances skin barrier function, protecting against microbes that can cause disease and defending against environmental stressors. In addition to these benefits, vitamin C provides antioxidant protection, helping to prevent UV-induced photodamage by neutralizing free radicals generated by sun exposure. This multifaceted role of vitamin C not only supports overall skin health but also contributes to its resilience and ability to repair and protect itself from various forms of damage.
Summary
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a vital antioxidant that protects cells from oxidative stress, boosts immune function, and aids collagen synthesis for healthy skin and tissues. It enhances iron absorption and supports overall vitality. While benefits can be felt within a few days, long-term advantages, including improved health and energy levels, can emerge after consistent use over 12 weeks. Essential for brain health, vitamin C also contributes to neurotransmitter synthesis and helps maintain bone density. Found in citrus fruits, leafy greens, and bell peppers, this water-soluble vitamin must be obtained through diet or supplementation, as the body cannot produce it.
FAQs
What foods are high in vitamin C? Rich sources include citrus fruits (oranges, lemons), strawberries, kiwi, bell peppers, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and tomatoes.
What are the symptoms of vitamin C deficiency? Symptoms may include fatigue, weakness, irritability, anemia, swollen or bleeding gums, joint pain, and a weakened immune system, leading to increased illness.
Is vitamin C effective for preventing the common cold? While vitamin C may help reduce the duration and severity of colds, it is not a guaranteed prevention method. Regular supplementation may offer some protective benefits.
What’s the difference between natural and synthetic vitamin C? Both forms are effective and provide similar benefits. Natural vitamin C is found in foods, while synthetic vitamin C is made in laboratories and is often used in supplements.
Research:
- Travica, N., Ried, K., Sali, A., Scholey, A., Hudson, I., & Pipingas, A. (2017). Vitamin C Status and Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review. Nutrients, 9 (9), 960.
- Goodwin, J. S., Goodwin, J. M., & Garry, P. J. (1983). Association between nutritional status and cognitive functioning in a healthy elderly population. JAMA, 249(21), 2917–2921.
- Gale, C. R., Martyn, C. N., & Cooper, C. (1996). Cognitive impairment and mortality in a cohort of elderly people. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 312(7031), 608–611.
- Carr, A, C., & Maggini, S. (2017). Vitamin C and Immune Function. Nutrients, 9 (11), 1211.
- Jafari, D., Esmaeilzadeh, A., Mohammadi-Kordkhayli, M., & Rezaei, N. (2019). Vitamin C and the Immune System. In: Mahmoudi, M., Rezaei, N. (eds) Nutrition and Immunity. Springer, Cham. 81-102.
- Pullar, J, M., Carr, A, C., & Vissers, M, C, M. (2017). The Roles of Vitamin C in Skin Health. Nutrients, 9 (8), 866.
- Popovic, L, M., Mitic, N, R., Miric, D., Bisevac, B., Miric, M., & Popovic, B. (2015). Influence of Vitamin C Supplementation on Oxidative Stress and Neutrophil Inflammatory Response in Acute and Regular Exercise. Oxidative Medicine and Celluar Longevity, 2015 (1).
- Mao, X., & Yao, G. (1992). Effect of vitamin C supplementations on iron deficiency anemia in Chinese children. Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES, 5(2), 125–129.
- Königsrainer, A., Habringer, C., Krausler, R., & Margreiter, R. (1990). A technique of pancreas transplantation in the rat securing pancreatic juice for monitoring. Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation, 3(3), 181–182.
- Pullar, J, M., Carr, A, C., Bozonet, S, M., & Vissers, M, C, M. (2018). High Vitamin C Status Is Associated with Elevated Mood in Male Tertiary Students. Antioxidants, 7 (7), E91. DOI: 10.3390/antiox7070091. PMID: 30012945; PMCID: PMC6071228.
- Carpenter K. J. (2012). The discovery of vitamin C. Annals of nutrition & metabolism, 61(3), 259–264.
- Douglas, R. M., & Hemilä, H. (2005). Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold. PLoS medicine, 2(6), e168–e217.
- Huijskens, M. J., Walczak, M., Koller, N., Briedé, J. J., Senden-Gijsbers, B. L., Schnijderberg, M. C., Bos, G. M., & Germeraad, W. T. (2014). Technical advance: ascorbic acid induces development of double-positive T cells from human hematopoietic stem cells in the absence of stromal cells. Journal of leukocyte biology, 96(6), 1165–1175.
- Chin, K. Y., & Ima-Nirwana, S. (2018). Vitamin C and Bone Health: Evidence from Cell, Animal and Human Studies. Current drug targets, 19(5), 439–450.
- Brzezińska, O., Łukasik, Z., Makowska, J., & Walczak, K. (2020). Role of Vitamin C in Osteoporosis Development and Treatment—A Literature Review. Nutrients, 12 (8), 2394.
- Sahni, S., Hannan, M. T., Gagnon, D., Blumberg, J., Cupples, L. A., Kiel, D. P., & Tucker, K. L. (2009). Protective effect of total and supplemental vitamin C intake on the risk of hip fracture–a 17-year follow-up from the Framingham Osteoporosis Study. Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 20(11), 1853–1861.